The History and Meaning of "Oorah" in the United States Marine Corps
For anyone familiar with the United States Marine Corps (USMC), the battle cry "oorah!" is an unmistakable part of Marine culture. Whether used as a greeting, a motivating expression, or a battle-ready rallying call, "oorah" is deeply embedded in Marine tradition. But why do Marines say “oorah,” where did this unique exclamation originate, and what does it truly mean?
What Does “Oorah” Mean?
The Meaning and Usage of "Oorah"
For Marines, "oorah" is more than just a word — it represents a mindset of strength, camaraderie, and unwavering determination. Unlike traditional direct military commands, the "oorah" meaning serves as an all-encompassing expression of Marine pride, and a symbol of the warrior ethos that defines the Corps.
The expression can be used in various contexts:
As a greeting. Marines often say "oorah" when acknowledging each other in passing, much like a mutual sign of respect.
As motivation. In training or combat situations, shouting "oorah" helps energize and unite Marines.
As a response. During roll calls or formations, Marines may respond with "oorah" to show readiness and enthusiasm.
As a battle cry. The phrase is frequently used before engaging in physically demanding tasks or combat, boosting morale and fostering esprit de corps (unity and solidarity).
When Did Marines Start Saying “Oorah”?
The exact origins of "oorah" remain somewhat disputed, with multiple theories explaining its emergence in the Marine Corps. One of the most widely accepted accounts traces "oorah" back to the 1950s, when it was first used by Marines training alongside reconnaissance units aboard submarines. According to the Defense Department, during undersea training exercises, Marine recon teams would hear the submarine klaxon sound "arrugha" before the vessel went into a dive. Over time, Marines adapted the sound into their own motivational battle cry.
Another theory suggests that "oorah" has Russian roots. Some Marines stationed in Turkey during the Cold War may have borrowed a version of the Russian exclamation “urrah!” — a battle cry used by Soviet forces — adapting it for their own use. While there is no definitive proof of this connection, the similarity in pronunciation suggests it may have played a role in shaping the term.
How "Oorah" Gained Popularity
Despite its uncertain origins, the widespread use of "oorah" within the Marine Corps can largely be credited to Sergeant Major John Massaro. It’s reported that this term was used when Massaro served with the 1st Marine Division Reconnaissance Company as a company gunnery sergeant in the mid-1950s. Historical accounts suggest that he began using the word during drill field tours. His influence helped spread the battle cry, ensuring it became a staple in Marine culture.
By the 1990s, "oorah" was deeply ingrained in Marine identity, appearing in official events, training sessions, and combat deployments. Unlike other military branch battle cries, "oorah" is uniquely tied to the Marine Corps, distinguishing Marines from other branches of the U.S. military.
"Oorah" vs. "Hooah" and "Hooyah"
Although "oorah" belongs only to the Marine Corps, the Army and Navy use similar calls — "hooah" and "hooyah," respectively. Each term carries its own distinct meaning and cultural significance within its respective branch.
"Hooah." Used in the Army, “hooah” is an affirmative expression signifying enthusiasm, agreement, or determination. Its origins are less clear, but it is believed to have originated from 19th-century battle cries.
"Hooyah." Used primarily by Navy SEALs and other special operations forces, “hooyah” is a motivational expression often shouted during grueling training exercises and missions.
From its mysterious origins aboard submarines to its rise in Marine culture through the influence of leaders such as Sgt. Maj. Massaro, "oorah" has become a defining element of the USMC. It embodies the fighting spirit, determination, and pride that characterize every Marine. Whether used as a battle cry, a greeting, or a motivational call, “oorah” continues to unite Marines past and present, reinforcing their commitment to their fellow warriors and the mission at hand.
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